COP30 Belém Package: Mitigation Challlenges and Adaptation Finance Shortfalls

The COP30 Belém Package reveals a failure in climate diplomacy, lacking mandatory fossil fuel phase-out commitments and preserving high-carbon reliance. While it achieves progress in adaptation finance, the pledged amount remains inadequate. Despite formalizing equity principles, the package falls short in emission reductions, risking the 1.5°C goal by fostering inadequate voluntary transitions.